First posted
Tuesday May 10, 2011 09:19
Updated
Monday June
6, 2011 07:48
___
Thursday May 26, 2011 09:01
Al and bill were in the same division at Sandia Labs in about 1992.
Al's Tips For Saving Natural Gas
:-)Wednesday May 25, 2011 12:18
http://www.prosefights.org/pnmratehearing/pnmratehearing.htm#zelicoff
zalan8587@q.com
Hello Al,
Receipt of
SWITCHING ON FOR WEST SIDE/SANDOVAL - PNM powered up its new 40-acre switching station northwest of Rio Rancho on Tuesday that is designed to meet the rapidly growing needs of customers in northwest Albuquerque and southwest Sandoval County, including Rio Rancho. Peak demand there has grown 25 percent since 2007.
From: "ABQjournal Business Insider" bizinsider@abqpubco.com
To: bpayne37@comcast.net
Sent: Tuesday, May 24, 2011 4:00:03 PM
Subject: ABQJournal Business Insider
coupled with PNM and Albuquerque Journal PR efforts to convince
Clothes dryer (the single largest energy waster in - ABQNews:Dr. Zelicoff
citizens to use less electricity raises the possibility of another questionable New Mexico business venture.
Are PNM electric customers funding the Rio Puerco switching station?
Perhaps new west-side new construction should be discontinued for possible future electric shortages reason?
Increased cost of electricity which powers pumps for San Juan-Chama Drinking Water Project is currently under consideration by the PRC.
CARE's Executive Director Ms Marita Noon did not acknowledge receipt of email requesting help to evaluate whether Heat Rate applies to solar generation of electricity or not.
New Mexico large-scale solar generation of electricity possible scam is at question.
Therefore, in view of your physics background, solar energy interests,
Alan Zelicoff, M.D. - Dr. Alan Zelicoff is an Albuquerque physicist and physician. He has written an outstanding online book called, "Saving Energy without Derision" and many editorials that champion energy efficiency and solar technology. He has also lobbied PNM to increase their incentives for clean energy.and Albuquerque Journal energy-savings articles, I ask that you tell us your opinion and reasons whether
From: "Jake Rudisill" j.rudisill@meridianenergyusa.comis correct or not?
To: bpayne37@comcast.net
Sent: Tuesday, May 10, 2011 4:37:20 PM
Subject: Heat Rate misconception
Mr. Payne,
The definition of heat rate is not the heat content of just the fossil fuel inputting the conversion system—it is the conversion efficiency of the system with whatever is the heat input.
Every plant’s heat rate can thus be calculated.
Geothermal energy has a very high heat rate because it utilizes a relatively low grade of heat source—at its best, 350F, 100 psi steam, and thus 1200 btu/lbm. In a modern gas-fired boiler, steam is at 1000F and 2500 psi, with a much higher heat content of around 1770 btu/lbm.
http://www.simetric.co.uk/si_supersteam.htm
http://www.energyvortex.com/energydictionary/heat_rate.html
heat rate
A measurement used in the energy industry to calculate how efficiently a generator uses heat energy. It is expressed as the number of BTUs of heat required to produce a kilowatt-hour of energy. Operators of generating facilities can make reasonably accurate estimates of the amount of heat energy a given quantity of any type of fuel, so when this is compared to the actual energy produced by the generator, the resulting figure tells how efficiently the generator converts that fuel into electrical energy.
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-plant-efficiency-d_960.html
Heat Rate (Energy Efficiency)
Overall thermal performance or energy efficiency for a power plant for a period can be defined as
fhr = H / E (1)
where
fhr = heat rate (Btu/kW, kJ/kW)
H = heat supplied to the power plant for a period (Btu, kJ)
E = energy output from the power plant in the period (kWh)
In writing, of course.
Please ack if you receive this email.
Regards,
:-) bill
distribution
marita@responsiblenergy.org
pgessing@riograndefoundation.org
j.rudisill@meridianenergyusa.com
William.Batie@morganstanley.com
joe.desposito@penton.com
jontitus@comcast.net
steve.marti@pnmresources.com
arcy.baca@state.nm.us
kkelly@gocstolar.com
treesha@gocstsolar.com
scooper@aarp.org
asklee@aarp.org
the.secretary@hq.doe.gov;
alexander.morris@hq.doe.gov
amorales58@comcast.net
mary.homan@nmgco.com
asklee@aarp.org
jcumbie@cabq.gov
mayorberry@cabq.gov
pjudd@cabq.gov
jhamman@cabq.gov
ddady@bernco.gov
sheriff@bernco.gov
boardmail@ncua.gov
Craig.ohare@state.nm.us
tsinger@nrdc.org
smichel@westernresources.org
william.payne@nmlegis.gov
billrehmnmlegis.gov
jfleck@abqjournal.com
mhartranft@abqjournal.com
lesliel@abqjournal.com
mmurphy@abqjournal.com
Huge Growth Expected for North American Solar Industry
Monday May 23, 2010 06:05
PNM Rate-Request Hearing Ends Albuquerque
Journal May 21, 2011
Environmental group New Energy Economy challenged PNM's business decisions to continue to invest - at rate-payer expense - in the coal-fired San. Juan Generating Station near Fannlngton, given the uncertainty of future state alid federal environmental rules. The group says PNM has failed to consider cleaner alternatives "in a meaningful way." "We're saying we don't want them to throw good money after bad,' NEE executive director Mariel Nanasi told the Journal.
http://www.prosefights.org/pnmratehearing/pnmratehearing.htm#noon
Memo to Joe Biden: Keep NREL's lights on.
Albuquerque Journal Business Insider Friday May 20, 2011 email
RATE CASE WRAPPED UP - The evidentiary hearing on the PNM rate case ended Wednesday for all intents and purposes. However, some additional testimony will be allowed and be subject to cross examination Tuesday morning if an intervenor requests. A hearing examiner probably will not file a recommended decision until late June, with the Public Regulation Commission unlikely to make a final decision until late July or early August.
Thursday May 19, 2011 13:45 Lessons Learned from the Trina Solar Boom
Tuesday May 17, 2011 20:08
Energy of a Photon
Closing in on Heat Rate for solar answer?
Lawyer Dave McCoy
Linkedin appparently requires that one joins before Mr Rudisill's resume can be views. So :-)
Public Service Company of New Mexico customers face a 10.8 percent increase in base electric rates under a proposal pending before state regulators, but consumers could actually see their bills increase by 18 to 23 percent over the next few years due to other charges. ...
Including the proposed increase in base rates, along with items such as capital improvements, fuel and renewable energy surcharges,
http://www.prosefights.org/pnmratehearing/pnmratehearing.htm#noon
Installing solar PV on a large scale is cost-prohibitive, according to PNM.
CARE is into altenergy too.
Wind Turbine Transmission Technology.
We meet Ms Noon at a Rio Grande Foundation meeting.
Japan's Geothermal Resouces Get a Closer LookFriday May 13, 2011 08:22
http://www.prosefights.org/pnmratehearing/pnmratehearing.htm#noon
Citizens' Alliance For Responsible Energy (CARE)
marita@responsiblenergy.org.
Hello Ms Noon,
Mr Jake Rudisill kindly volunteered information on Heat Rate.
From: "Jake Rudisill" j.rudisill@meridianenergyusa.comMost of us liberal arts educated don't have sufficient engineering knowledge to assess if Mr Rudisill is correct or not.
To: bpayne37@comcast.net
Sent: Tuesday, May 10, 2011 4:37:20 PM
Subject: Heat Rate misconception
Mr. Payne,
The definition of heat rate is not the heat content of just the fossil fuel inputting the conversion system—it is the conversion efficiency of the system with whatever is the heat input.
Every plant’s heat rate can thus be calculated.
Geothermal energy has a very high heat rate because it utilizes a relatively low grade of heat source—at its best, 350F, 100 psi steam, and thus 1200 btu/lbm. In a modern gas-fired boiler, steam is at 1000F and 2500 psi, with a much higher heat content of around 1770 btu/lbm.
http://www.simetric.co.uk/si_supersteam.htm
http://www.energyvortex.com/energydictionary/heat_rate.html
heat rate
A measurement used in the energy industry to calculate how efficiently a generator uses heat energy. It is expressed as the number of BTUs of heat required to produce a kilowatt-hour of energy. Operators of generating facilities can make reasonably accurate estimates of the amount of heat energy a given quantity of any type of fuel, so when this is compared to the actual energy produced by the generator, the resulting figure tells how efficiently the generator converts that fuel into electrical energy.
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-plant-efficiency-d_960.html
Heat Rate (Energy Efficiency)
Overall thermal performance or energy efficiency for a power plant for a period can be defined as
fhr = H / E (1)
where
fhr = heat rate (Btu/kW, kJ/kW)
H = heat supplied to the power plant for a period (Btu, kJ)
E = energy output from the power plant in the period (kWh)
In your capaciity of Executive Director of CARE, I ask that you organize an effort to solicit opinions of experts quailified to judge merits of Mr Rudisill's above May 10, 2011 email.
And issue a brief report.
Mr Rudisill and I may have identified a common problem.
[Y]our statement 'I found that many CA legislators were ill-informed by their staffs on technical matters, and the staffs were equally resistant to understanding informed scientific discourse.' mirrors what I found as a participant of in a PNM electric Integrated Resource Planning series of meetings.
My observation was that the electric IRP was hijacked by the liberal arts 'educated' from engineers.
That group wrote a 1 7/8 pound report which did not reflect what I saw and heard at the meetings.
So I wrote an alternate report.
Large-scale solar generation of electricity business interests may, with lawyer help, have helped passed New Mexico laws which mandate adoption for financial reasons at the expense of electric utility rate payers?
That is why I wrote Stipulation complicity in New Mexico possible large-scale solar generation of electricity fraud?Please let me know of your and CARE's decision.
And please ack receipt of this email.
Regards,
billdistribution
j.rudisill@meridianenergyusa.com
William.Batie@morganstanley.com
joe.desposito@penton.com
jontitus@comcast.net
steve.marti@pnmresources.com
arcy.baca@state.nm.us
kkelly@gocstolar.com
treesha@gocstsolar.com
scooper@aarp.org
asklee@aarp.org
the.secretary@hq.doe.gov;
alexander.morris@hq.doe.gov
amorales58@comcast.net
pgessing@riograndefoundation.org
mary.homan@nmgco.com
asklee@aarp.org
jcumbie@cabq.gov
mayorberry@cabq.gov
pjudd@cabq.gov
jhamman@cabq.gov
ddady@bernco.gov
sheriff@bernco.gov
boardmail@ncua.gov
Craig.ohare@state.nm.us
tsinger@nrdc.org
smichel@westernresources.org
william.payne@nmlegis.gov
billrehmnmlegis.gov
jfleck@abqjournal.com
mhartranft@abqjournal.com
lesliel@abqjournal.com
mmurphy@abqjournal.com
Sky Blue Plan Adds Solar, Cost
Wednesday May 11, 2011 06:40
This
https://collaboration.pnm.com/hc/hc?rf=y
caused call to 505-241-0879 which, in turn, caused call to 1-888-427-5772 which resulted in email address
Subject: Stipulation complicity in New Mexico possible large-scale solar generation of electricty fraud?
arcy.baca@state.nm.us
Hello Mr Baca,
Please forward
http://www.prosefights.org/pnmratehearing/pnmratehearing.htm#glick
to Ms Glick and ack.
Thanks in advance.
bill
Tuesday May 10, 2011 15:10
http://www.prosefights.org/pnmratehearing/pnmratehearing.htm#glick
Hello Ms Glick,
Published statement
In addition, the parties to the stipulation agreed not to oppose PNM’s planned rider to recover renewable energy costs — most of which are related to PNM’s plans to add 22 megawatts of solar energy to its system ...concerns some of us AARP members for reason of accusations that large-scale solar generation of electricity may be a fraud.
Suspicions that large-scale solar generation is, in fact, a fraud are heightened becauseIf it turns out that, in fact, large-scale solar generation of electricity is a fraud in the sense it is unable to produce the electric power advertised measured in kWh, uneconomical, and polluting
- Electric Power Research Institute CEO Michael Howard's non-response to questions about solar generation of electricity.
- New Mexico electrical engineers Frank Currie and Greg Nelson, a PNM, employee insistence that Heat Rate only applies to generation of electricity when combustion is involved.
EPRI/PNM foil reports that Heat Rate applies to geothermal and nuclear generation of electricity so their assertions may be in error.- Non-response of Director of NM Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Peter A Scholle to respond to similar questions.
Alexander Braun points out in the April 2010 issue of SEMICONDUCTOR International
Since 2002, photovoltaic production has doubled roughly every two years, increasing at a yearly average of 48%, making it the fastest growing energy technology. By 2008, PV installations worldwide had surpassed 15 GW and the end is not in sight. However, as Obi-Wan might paradoxically put it, "There is a Dark Side to sun power."
Eventually, existing installations will reach the end of their useful lifetimes, requiring replacement. One of the seeming contradictions of producing the means to generate clean renewable energy is that you must manufacture them using stuff that can be pretty deadly to the environment such as ammonia, arsine, cadmium sulfate and diborane. And when you discard these installations, effluvia such as arsenic are released during solar cell decomposition, and then there is all that chromium in screws and frames.
and
But there is more to PV manufacturing than just recycling. According to the SVTC's white paper, "Toward a Just and Sustainable Solar Energy Industry, although the solar PV boom is still in its infancy, what it describes as "disturbing global trends" are emerging. It goes on to say that a considerable amount of the polysilicon feedstock material - the refined silicon used as crystalline silicon solar cells' basic material - is produced in countries like China, "where manufacturing costs and environmental regulatory enforcement are low." It also quotes a March 2008 Washington Post report that at least one plant in China's Henan Province regularly dumps silicon tetrachloride, a toxic waste product of polysilicon manufacturing, on nearby farmland. The Post quoted Li Xiaoping, deputy director of the Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences: "Crops cannot grow on this, and it is not suitable for people to live nearby."
then the stipulation may be a lawyer/PRC ploy to force electric rate payers to subsidize New Mexico large-scale solar generation of electricity industry which would otherwise go out of business for economic and pollution reasons?
Response by qualified and honest engineers to questions posed to Mr Scholle should determine whether the stipulation should be removed.
Do you and the PRC hearing agree or not?
Please ack if you receive this message.
Regards,
bill
distribution
terimchugh@pnmresources.com
jporterlara@gmail.com
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barbalex@ctel.net
williamdunkel@lycos.com
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Stacey@childresslaw.com
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mark.fenton@pnmresources.com
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Mariel@seedsbeneaththesnow.com
Thomas.dome@nmgco.com
jaherz@sawvel.com
ckolberg@abcwua.org
Stephen.chriss@wal-mart.com
Jim.Brack@state.nm.us
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vnaiiar@aol.com:
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tsinger@nrdc.org
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TanimvFiebelkorn@swenergy.org
Mary.homan@nmgco.com
cfw@keleher-law.com
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naschiavo@santafenm.gov
bill.brancard@state.nm.us
marka.smith@state.nm.us
bridgetjacober@hotmail.com
excel.consulting@sbcglobal.net
sheila.shaffer@state.nm.us
consumers@azinsurance.gov
gretchen@gis.nmt.edu
Jason.Marks@state.nm.us;
David.King@state.nm.us;
JeromeD.Block@state.nm.us;
Becenti@state.nm.us;
Sandy.Jones@state.nm.us;
Patrick.Lyons@state.nm.us
Ben.Hall@state.nm.us
ron.martinez@state.nm.us
John.Gaherty@state.nm.us
mona.varela@state.nm.us
patricia.torres@state.nm.us
jonbarela2010@yahoo.com
mikemalloy5006@comcast.net
william.payne@nmlegis.gov
psisneros@nmag.gov
info@susana2010.com
titomadrid@cabq.gov
pcordova@nmag.gov
dave@radfreenm.org
kelly.o'donnell@state.nm.us;
the.secretary@hq.doe.gov;
alexander.morris@hq.doe.gov
amorales58@comcast.net
pgessing@riograndefoundation.org
mary.homan@nmgco.com
asklee@aarp.org
jcumbie@cabq.gov
mayorberry@cabq.gov
pjudd@cabq.gov
jhamman@cabq.gov
ddady@bernco.gov
sheriff@bernco.gov
boardmail@ncua.gov
scooper@aarp.org
From: bpayne37@comcast.net
To: "Jake Rudisill" j.rudisill@meridianenergyusa.com
Cc: "William Batie" William.Batie@morganstanley.com>, "joe desposito" joe.desposito@penton.com, jontitus@comcast.net, "steve martin" steve.marti@pnmresources.com, "arcy baca" arcy.baca@state.nm.us>, kkelly@gocstolar.com, treesha@gocstsolar.com, scooper@aarp.org, asklee@aarp.org
Sent: Thursday, May 12, 2011 10:10:58 AM
Subject: Applicability of Heat Rate to solar and wind generation of electricity
Hello Mr Rudisill,
"Your assertion that utility scale solar may be a fraud" may be attributable to others.
My information came came from
1) a MorganStanley VP who stated that large-scale solar generation is a fraud. I did not initially ask where he got his information.
MorganStandley is reported to have lost #24.1 million in the bankruptcy of Albuquerque-based Eclipse Aviation.
Speculation was that MS was being a bit more careful before investing in other New Mexico business ventures.
2)
fast neutron
Santa Fe, NM
January 12, 2009
From actual experience, wind farms produce 1.2 watts per square meter. Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic methods capture 5 to 6 watts per square meter. There is no economy of size in either technology. Dividing the watts you need by those values gives the land area in square meters needed to produce the juice. The numbers are astronomical
http://www.topix.net/forum/source/santa-fe-new-mexican/T0QVJ5UD3R25C8HRL
3) PNM foil
asserts that Heat Rate does not apply to CSP or Photovoltaic generation of electricity. And wind too.
1, 2, and 3 caught my interest so I decided to investigate first hand..
http://www.prosefights.org/scriptpollute/area/area.htm
Less than $300 spent on solar-related equipment cost me less than one of my guided fishing trips! And has been as much, if not more, fun ... and educational too.
And helped me evaluate a home solar generation of electricity roof-top system I requested.http://home.comcast.net/~bpayne37/solar/loslunassolar/loslunassolar.htm
My electric experience is designing and building microcontroller systems at Sandia Labs
US/USSR Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
seismic Data Authenticator
Sandia National Laboratories tech report
SAND91--2201 . UC--706 documents above
posted at http://cryptome.org/ in 1997
8051/8086 metacompilable targets
and industrial SCADA systems.
Your Heat Rate volunteered response is the first I have obtained out of about 4 or more attempts.
I am unqualified to make judgments on any response so I must check with others who may know.
Admiral/senator william h payne is another william h payne. At one time there were 5 william h payne s listed in the albuquerque telephone directory.
We have been trying to enlist admiral/senator william h payne's help to peacefully settle an unfortunate matter involving Iran and our stolen $22,036.00.
Your statement 'I found that many CA legislators were ill-informed by their staffs on technical matters, and the staffs were equally resistant to understanding informed scientific discourse.' mirrors what I found as a participant of in a PNM electric Integrated Resource Planning series of meetings.
My observation was that the electric IRP was hijacked by the liberal arts 'educated' from engineers.
That group wrote a 1 7/8 pound report which did not reflect what I saw and heard at the meetings.
So I wrote an alternate report.http://home.comcast.net/~bpayne37/pnmelectric/altreport/altreport.htm
Large-scale solar generation of electricity business interests may, with lawyer help, have helped passed New Mexico laws which mandate adoption for financial reasons at the expense of electric utility rate payers?
That is why I wrote Stipulation complicity in New Mexico possible large-scale solar generation of electricty fraud?
Thank you so much for being the first to comment on applicability of Heat Rate to solar and wind generation of electrcity.
Best regards,
bill
Mr. Payne,
I am this Jake Rudisill:
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/jake-rudisill/1/91/a8
My father started a manufacturer’s rep business in NC in 1956. http://www.jakerudisill.com/home.htm I worked for it as a student, but have been in CA since 1975.
I am a registered ME in the state of California. I worked in the geothermal patch for 25 years, combined cycle plants for 5 years, and solar for the last 5 years. I was project manager for two 1 mw solar facilities and a 5 mw utility scale facility, the CalRENEW-1 project in Mendota CA. It was the first PV plant interconnected to the transmission grid in CA.
Your assertion that utility scale solar may be a fraud is disconcerting, as are the scare tactics about its production and reclamation, issues that the industry trade has addressed (visit http://www.solarelectricpower.org/ for details). I see from your Googling that you may have been or perhaps are still a member of the NM legislature. When I led the western region of a large IPP, I found that many CA legislators were ill-informed by their staffs on technical matters, and the staffs were equally resistant to understanding informed scientific discourse. I hope that I can assist in resolving that situation if this is the case. I am a member of AARP, and am a firm believer that solar PV is a viable business, and vital to this country’s ultimate economic and environmental well being.
As for solar thermal, I don’t believe that it is ultimately viable, but that is another story.
Solar PV energy is admittedly more expensive than most other fossil-fueled means of generating electricity on a $/kwh basis excluding incentives. However, it is economic currently with the societal incentives put in place. It will be only a few more years before it achieves grid parity with the same incentives as fossil fueled plants.
However, the societal cost of fossil fueled plants does not include their external costs due to their pollution. This is especially true for coal plants, as they kill 300,000 people a year through pollution (see the Lung Association). However, they seem cheap because we have not internalized their cost in the use of that fuel. If we did, you’d be paying far more than we would for solar PV electricity. And, the impacts of climate change are so large as to be incalculable.
A carbon tax is economically the best way to internalize those costs. However, people don’t want to pay more because, I believe, they think that all of this hue and cry about climate change due to fossil fuel use is a bunch of hooey.
If you do believe that climate change could be influenced positively by a switch to renewables, then we are doing far too little PV solar right now and we should be willing to pay much more for our electricity than we are paying now to reduce fossil fuel use. Or, if one is happy to blindly contribute to the cataclysmic changes that climate change will cause and are willing to gamble with low out-of-pocket utility bills on that for the future of your children and grandchildren, that is an moral and ethical decision that one has to make. I have chosen to do my part in addressing the world’s need for renewables for the sake of my children’s future.
The above are my personal thoughts and do not necessarily reflect the position of my employer. I would also appreciate that my comments be considered private and not be posted on public message boards without my prior approval.
Kind regards,
Jake Rudisill
From: bpayne37@comcast.net [mailto:bpayne37@comcast.net]
Sent: Wednesday, May 11, 2011 6:01 PM
To: Jake Rudisill
Cc: scooper@aarp.org; asklee@aarp.org; scholle1@gmail.com; gretchen@gis.nmt.edu; fmcurrie@cai-engr.com; shumard@epri.com; askepri@epri.com; clperry@epri.com; clibby@epri.com; zalan8587@q.com; Davidson, Melvin; morales, art; Sobolewski, John; jcumbie@cabq.gov; mayorberry@cabq.gov; pjudd@cabq.gov; jhamman@cabq.gov; ddady@bernco.gov; sheriff@bernco.gov; boardmail@ncua.gov
Subject: Re: Heat Rate misconception
Hello Mr Rudisill,
Thank you.
http://www.prosefights.org/pnmratehearing/pnmratehearing.htm#glick
Rudisill email posted at AARP New Mexico website
Who are you?
This Jake Rudisill?
http://www.google.com/#hl=en&sugexp=ldymls&xhr=t&q=jake+rudisill&cp=9&qe=amFrZSBydWRp&qesig=TR6cH3uKhEImZZ7PmFtZGw&pkc=AFgZ2tnyZ_ebcoUSGat4qMmtPWkRU2K3CyEqP2ATfjswH4m3dgKR07KLF64JahU9ej4IWUrb69EB2cnc-AYHJQr4joa7FptwCA&pf=p&sclient=psy&rlz=1R2ADRA_enUS416&source=hp&aq=0&aqi=&aql=&oq=jake+rudi&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&fp=ff7c59a60f6387a5
bill
http://www.google.com/#sclient=psy&hl=en&rlz=1R2ADRA_enUS416&source=hp&q=admiral+william+h+payne&rlz=1R2ADRA_enUS416&aq=0&aqi=g5&aql=&oq=&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&fp=ff7c59a60f6387a5&biw=1245&bih=795
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jake Rudisill" j.rudisill@meridianenergyusa.com
To: bpayne37@comcast.net
Sent: Tuesday, May 10, 2011 4:37:20 PM
Subject: Heat Rate misconception
Mr. Payne,
The definition of heat rate is not the heat content of just the fossil fuel inputting the conversion system—it is the conversion efficiency of the system with whatever is the heat input.
Every plant’s heat rate can thus be calculated.
Geothermal energy has a very high heat rate because it utilizes a relatively low grade of heat source—at its best, 350F, 100 psi steam, and thus 1200 btu/lbm. In a modern gas-fired boiler, steam is at 1000F and 2500 psi, with a much higher heat content of around 1770 btu/lbm.
http://www.simetric.co.uk/si_supersteam.htm
http://www.energyvortex.com/energydictionary/heat_rate.html
heat rate
A measurement used in the energy industry to calculate how efficiently a generator uses heat energy. It is expressed as the number of BTUs of heat required to produce a kilowatt-hour of energy. Operators of generating facilities can make reasonably accurate estimates of the amount of heat energy a given quantity of any type of fuel, so when this is compared to the actual energy produced by the generator, the resulting figure tells how efficiently the generator converts that fuel into electrical energy.
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-plant-efficiency-d_960.html
Heat Rate (Energy Efficiency)
Overall thermal performance or energy efficiency for a power plant for a period can be defined as
fhr = H / E (1)
where
fhr = heat rate (Btu/kW, kJ/kW)
H = heat supplied to the power plant for a period (Btu, kJ)
E = energy output from the power plant in the period (kWh)
Wednesday May 11, 2011 10:21 The New Sputnik
Wednesday May 11, 2011 10:15
We are hopefully competent enough to be suspicious as to question whether heat rate applies, or not, to non-combustibles in hope of saving some of us senior citizens electric bill money.
Below may be very important information
From: "Jake Rudisill" j.rudisill@meridianenergyusa.com
To: bpayne37@comcast.net
Sent: Tuesday, May 10, 2011 4:37:20 PM
Subject: Heat Rate misconception
Mr. Payne,
The definition of heat rate is not the heat content of just the fossil fuel inputting the conversion system—it is the conversion efficiency of the system with whatever is the heat input.
Every plant’s heat rate can thus be calculated.
Geothermal energy has a very high heat rate because it utilizes a relatively low grade of heat source—at its best, 350F, 100 psi steam, and thus 1200 btu/lbm. In a modern gas-fired boiler, steam is at 1000F and 2500 psi, with a much higher heat content of around 1770 btu/lbm.
http://www.simetric.co.uk/si_supersteam.htm
http://www.energyvortex.com/energydictionary/heat_rate.html
heat rate
A measurement used in the energy industry to calculate how efficiently a generator uses heat energy. It is expressed as the number of BTUs of heat required to produce a kilowatt-hour of energy. Operators of generating facilities can make reasonably accurate estimates of the amount of heat energy a given quantity of any type of fuel, so when this is compared to the actual energy produced by the generator, the resulting figure tells how efficiently the generator converts that fuel into electrical energy.
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-plant-efficiency-d_960.html
Heat Rate (Energy Efficiency)
Overall thermal performance or energy efficiency for a power plant for a period can be defined as
fhr = H / E (1)
where
fhr = heat rate (Btu/kW, kJ/kW)
H = heat supplied to the power plant for a period (Btu, kJ)
E = energy output from the power plant in the period (kWh)
